Why Psychologists View Self-Sabotaging Habits as Survival Strategies

Recent analysis by psychologists has focused on the idea that behaviors often labeled as self-sabotaging may serve a protective role, according to published clinical perspectives.

Dr. Charlie Heriot-Maitland, a clinical psychologist, presents in his book that actions such as nail-biting, procrastination, avoidance, perfectionism, and self-criticism are not simply negative habits but function as survival strategies. He states that these behaviors help individuals manage potential emotional or psychological threats by creating a sense of controlled discomfort.

According to Heriot-Maitland, the brain is structured to prioritize survival over happiness, seeking predictability and control even if it results in minor self-inflicted discomfort. He suggests that these patterns are a way the mind manages uncertainty and perceived danger by choosing familiar, manageable challenges over unpredictable risks.

NYU Langone psychologist Thea Gallagher has stated that the ideas in Heriot-Maitland’s book are based on clinical experience rather than detailed empirical studies. Gallagher also notes that factors such as ADHD, trauma, ongoing stress, or socioeconomic conditions can contribute to the development of these behaviors.

What the numbers show

• The book Controlled Explosions in Mental Health was published in 2026
• Multiple behaviors are discussed, including nail-biting and procrastination
• At least two psychologists provided commentary on the book’s approach

Gallagher recommends that individuals seeking long-term improvement should focus on building a sense of safety, observing their behavioral patterns with curiosity, and gradually increasing their tolerance for uncertainty. She states that this approach is preferable to either fighting or simply giving in to these behaviors.

Heriot-Maitland advises that recognizing the protective function of self-sabotaging behaviors is important. He suggests that instead of opposing or appeasing these actions, individuals can choose how to respond once they understand the underlying function.

The book Controlled Explosions in Mental Health outlines these concepts and is authored by Dr. Charlie Heriot-Maitland, who is a clinical psychologist. The publication compiles clinical insights on why certain behaviors develop and persist.

Both psychologists referenced in the discussion emphasize that while these ideas offer a framework for understanding self-sabotaging habits, additional factors and individual circumstances also play a role. The perspectives presented are intended to inform approaches to behavioral change and mental health management.

* This article is based on publicly available information at the time of writing.