Iron Age War Trumpet and Boar Standard Unearthed in Norfolk

Archaeologists working in west Norfolk uncovered a rare Iron Age hoard during excavations ahead of a planned housing development in the summer of 2025.

The excavation, conducted by Pre‑Construct Archaeology, resulted in the discovery of a nearly intact carnyx, an Iron Age war trumpet, along with several other artefacts. The collection was found within the former territory of the Iceni tribe, a group known from the first century AD.

In addition to the carnyx, the hoard contained a bronze boar’s-head battle standard, which is the first recorded example of its kind in Britain. The find also included five shield bosses and an iron object whose function has not yet been determined.

The entire group of objects was removed as a single soil block to preserve their arrangement. Before conservation began, the block was scanned to document the original positions of the items within the hoard.

What the numbers show

• The carnyx is one of only three found in Britain
• The excavation took place in summer 2025
• The hoard includes five shield bosses and one bronze boar’s-head standard

According to published information, the carnyx found in Norfolk is the most complete example of this type of instrument discovered anywhere in the world. Previous finds of carnyces in Britain have been fragmentary, making this discovery notable for its condition.

The legal status of the hoard will be determined by a coroner under the Treasure Act 1996. This process is scheduled to take place in early 2026, as stated in official reports.

Dr Fraser Hunter, who is the Iron Age and Roman curator at National Museums Scotland, said the find will greatly enhance understanding of the Iron Age world. The site’s location within the historic Iceni territory has led to interest in its possible connection to events such as Boudicca’s rebellion.

* This article is based on publicly available information at the time of writing.