GLP-1 Weight-Loss Drugs Linked to Rapid Weight Regain After Discontinuation

Recent research has examined the long-term effects of GLP-1 weight-loss medications, focusing on outcomes after patients stop using drugs such as Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mounjaro. These findings are relevant for healthcare providers and patients considering ongoing or intermittent treatment strategies.

A comprehensive review published in the BMJ and led by the University of Oxford assessed the outcomes for individuals who discontinue anti-obesity medications. The review found that people who stop taking these medications typically regain the weight they lost within two years and lose associated health improvements within 18 months.

Oxford University researchers also identified that weight regain after stopping GLP-1 medications occurs at a much faster rate compared to behavioural weight management programmes. The reversal of cardiometabolic benefits was observed as weight returned following the end of medication use.

Professor Susan Jebb of the University of Oxford stated that most people living with obesity may need lifelong support to maintain weight loss. She indicated that this support could include ongoing medication, intermittent treatment, or a combination of these with other interventions.

What the numbers show

• Weight regained within two years after stopping GLP-1 medications
• Health benefits lost within 18 months of discontinuing treatment
• Weight regain after stopping GLP-1 drugs is nearly four times faster than after behavioural programmes

The NHS currently places a two-year maximum limit on prescriptions for Wegovy, while Mounjaro does not have a set duration for use. These prescribing practices reflect differing approaches to long-term medication management for obesity in the UK.

Research findings suggest that the speed of weight regain and loss of health benefits are important considerations when evaluating the duration of GLP-1 drug treatment. The differences in NHS prescription policies for Wegovy and Mounjaro may influence patient outcomes based on the length of access to these medications.

Studies indicate that, without continued intervention, the benefits of GLP-1 weight-loss drugs are not sustained long-term. The need for ongoing or repeated treatment is highlighted by the observed patterns of weight regain and reversal of health improvements.

As new research continues to assess the long-term management of obesity, healthcare systems may review current guidelines and prescription limits for anti-obesity medications. The findings from Oxford-led studies provide data for future decisions regarding the use of GLP-1 drugs in clinical practice.

* This article is based on publicly available information at the time of writing.